US Army Utilizes VR to Train Construction Site Safety

The Huntsville Center Safety Office and the U.S. Army Game Studio developed a virtual reality (VR) construction site game, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Safety Trainer 360, which allows users to navigate a computer-simulated construction site while looking for and correcting potential hazards.

The game is the brainchild of Kyle Shireman, Huntsville Center safety manager, who has been working with developers at the Army Game Studio since 2021 to bring his vision to light.

“We don’t have many construction sites close to our office, and most of the employees attending our safety courses have never been to one,” Shireman said. “But they will eventually be on the job at a construction site, and they need to know how to stay safe. It’s hard to retain the information in these courses without actually understanding what it looks like.”

The Safety Office needed a tool that would allow employees to experience a construction site during the training process.

The Army Game Studio, located at the Combat Capabilities Development Command Aviation and Missile Center’s Software, Simulation, Systems Engineering and Integration Directorate on Redstone Arsenal develops virtual, interactive and multimedia systems for outreach, education, simulation and training.

Recently, the studio has worked on multiple projects requiring virtual reality, which is growing in popularity because of its inherent training value, said Daniel Kolenich, executive producer of the USACE Safety Trainer 360.

Using computer modeling and simulation, virtual reality provides a realistic, three-dimensional environment that users can explore and interact with. A headset with goggles provides the sight and sound stimuli, and handheld controllers allow the user to move around and make selections.

“We’ve done several virtual reality games, but this one was unique in that it was a real place, so it involved modeling an environment with specific items like cranes and ladders,” Kolenich said. “It was far more realistic than what we normally do.”

Most VR games run directly off the headset, but Army Game Studio developers needed more power to create the most realistic environment possible, so the USACE Safety Trainer 360 runs off a high-performance laptop, said Thomas Morris, a systems engineer for Science Applications International Corporation who served as a producer on this project. The headset — in this case, a Meta Quest 2, formerly known as an Oculus – is tethered to the laptop.

“The computer is what runs the game, not the Quest itself, so it’s much higher in graphics and provides a higher fidelity simulation that was needed for the construction environment,” Morris said. “It’s like the difference between a Fortnite character and more realistic character.”

The high-quality graphics allow users to see vital details, such as a safety label on the side of a ladder. Paying attention to the small things is often what keeps people safe on a construction site, Shireman said.

Currently, the game is being used for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration 10-Hour Training Course, which is required for all employees in a Quality Assurance role and is recommend for any employee who visits contractor construction or maintenance and service sites. The training provides an overview of QA safety responsibilities and covers general safety topics such as workplace hazards, safety culture and personal protective equipment.

The game, which is available to download for free for all Department of Defense agencies, can be modified to include additional modules, said Kellie Williams, safety chief for Huntsville Center.

“We are hopeful that after a year of two of use that additional activities and hazards can be added to the game,” she said.